What is the Difference Between Hydraulic Jacks and Mechanical Jacks

 Currently mechanical jacks and hydraulic jacks are two varieties of jacks that are widely utilized. The two kinds of jacks have different application areas and working principles. Manufacturing firms often contemplate on the difference between a mechanical jack and a hydraulic jack while getting the right one installed for their applications? Can they be used interchangeably? Let’s understand in detail.

First, the functional principle is not the same. 


  • Hydraulic jack: The Pascal principle, which states that there is an equal pressure across a liquid, is the foundation of the hydraulic jack. The pressure on the smaller piston is lower and the pressure on the bigger piston is higher in a balanced system. As a result, different pressures at separate ends can be created through the transmission of liquid in order to accomplish the transformational goal.

  • Mechanical Jack: The mechanical jack rotates the ratchet wheel by pushing it back and forth using the mechanical principle. The weight lifting screw is rotated by the small bevel gear, which also powers the larger bevel gear, allowing the lifting sleeve to be raised or lowered to perform the lifting tension function.

Additionally, the traits are distinct.




  • Mechanical jack: Simple design, heavy lifting capacity, light weight, portability, ease of maintenance, and safety in usage.


Third, the application's scope is different.


  • Mechanical jack: It is frequently used for large object lifting and lowering, mine engineering support, railway car maintenance, and general heavy object lifting.


  • Hydraulic jack: Daily life uses include heavy-duty assistance in traffic accidents and construction sites.

Fourth is the classification 


Hydraulic jacks: Shell, large and tiny pistons, an oil tank, and other parts make up a hydraulic jack. The little piston is driven upward by the upward movement of the wrench. Through the tube and one-way valve, the oil in the tank is drawn into the bottom of the little piston. The little piston is pushed lower and tightened. 


The one-way valve prevents oil from flowing to the little piston and the lowest portion of the tank. Through the inner oil channel and the one-way valve, the oil in the lower portion of the tiny piston is forced into the lower portion of the big piston. Lever movement causes the tiny piston's lower pressure to increase ten times while the large piston's area is ten times that of the tiny piston. The huge piston is compressed by the manual oil pressure. The area ratio of the large piston to the large piston is equal to the pressure ratio, according to Pascal's principle.


Mechanical jacks: Mechanical hydraulic jacks are appropriate for many lifting tasks requiring low lifting heights. The essential components of a hydraulic ultra-thin jack are a joint, rocker handle, piston, oil tank, oil pump, and cylinder.


When the mechanical jack operates, the manual oil pump continues to press oil into the cylinder so long as the swing handle is moved back and forth. The weight and the piston above the piston are forced to rise upward as the oil pressure in the cylinder keeps rising. The high-pressure oil in the line will stream back to the oil storage section when the return valve is opened, causing the weight and piston to collapse together. If the manual pump body's oil supply is insufficient, the pump must first receive hydraulic oil that has been appropriately filtered in order for it to function.


Supporting heavy objects 


Hydraulic jacks: The hydraulic jack utilizes a piston or a cylinder as the jacking part and is powered by a hydraulic pump that can be operated manually, electrically, or both. There are two categories of hydraulic jacks: integrated and separate. The hydraulic cylinder and pump are integrated in the integral type, whereas the pump and hydraulic cylinder are separate in the separate type but attached by a high-pressure hose. The hydraulic jack can easily lift heavy things and has a small structure. It is frequently utilised because of its high transmission efficiency and lifting capacity of 750 tonnes. However, it is prone to oil leaks and is unfit to support big things for an extended period of time.


Mechanical Jacks: The transmission efficiency of mechanical jacks is low, yet they can be utilised to hold heavy objects for extended periods of time. Although hydraulic jacks can't hold big things for an extended period of time, their transmission efficiency is still quite excellent.

Common types and how each is utilized


Mechanical jacks 


The common types of mechanical jacks are as follow: 


  • Screw Jacks: Screw jacks raise and lower the weight using a screw mechanism. The load is held in place by the screw threads or screw pitch, which are rotated either clockwise or counterclockwise. Other varieties of mechanical screw jacks have a screw that remains stationary while a nut oscillates.


  • House Jacks: These powerful screw jacks are employed in lifting and stabilising massive beams or structures during construction projects like relocation or repairs. Up until the house jacks effectively raise the weight to the necessary height, the structure is supported by wood cribbing.


  • Scissor Jacks: Tire changes are most frequently performed with mechanical scissor jacks. Scissor jacks may be conveniently stowed and moved in the car's trunk because of their small size. This jack has two sets of arms that are crossed in the form of a "X" or a diamond. A screw located between the two sets of arms can be twisted to raise or decrease the weight resting on top of the jack.


Hydraulic jack


Bottle jacks and floor jacks are two examples of hydraulic jacks.


  • Bottle Jacks: Bottle jacks, also referred to as hand jacks, sprang to prominence in the early 1900s when the car industry took off. They are lightweight and very useful for lifting cars for on-the-spot maintenance or inspection. Because of its milk bottle-like design, it is given the term bottle jack. Despite their wide diversity in size, bottle jacks of today are capable of lifting loads ranging from 100 pounds to several tonnes.


  • Floor jacks: Floor jacks are operated horizontally as opposed to vertically like bottle jack shafts. The lifting pad is raised vertically by the shaft pushing on a crank that is connected to it. There are two sizes of these hydraulic jacks, which have a wider vertical lift range than bottle jacks. The typical size weighs about 200 pounds, is roughly four feet long, and a foot wide. They are capable of lifting 4–10 tonnes.


Conclusion


Durability is the primary distinction between mechanical and hydraulic jacks. When long-term lifting is necessary, such as for bridge maintenance, screw jacks are the most appropriate. Hydraulic jacks are the preferred option for synchronous jacking and building translation.


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